儒教的家族观与后现代意义

The Confucian View of Family and Post-modern Significance

对家族的研究历来以分析现象和把握实际状况为主。然而,这种研究模式很难准确地把握家族的正体性并揭示其方向性。基于这种问题意识,笔者试图通过儒教的家族观确立家族的正体性,以展望未来。儒家的全部实践伦理都是从家族出发的,在这个意义上,可以说家族占据着儒教社会的中心地位。儒教的家族是“道德的共同体”,家族成员是“关系的自我”。因此,也可以在道德行为的实践和普及上获得儒教家族的存在意义。儒家非常重视家族成员所具有的“关系”意识,并将这种意识扩大到社会乃至国家。我们可以从儒教的这种家族观中看到克服人际关系的疏远化和形成积极的“关系性”人性的可能性。当然,在儒教的家族观中也还残存着传统时代消极的文化因素,在适应现代社会方面也存在很多问题。但是,儒教家族观中的未来指向性的后现代理念价值还是值得充分关注的。

The study of the family has always been based on the analysis of the phenomenon and grasp of the actual situation.However,this research model is difficult to accurately grasp the identity of traditional family and reveal its direction.Based on this awareness,we try to establish the Confucian view of family identity of the family to look forward to the future.All the practical ethics of Confucianism are from the family.In this sense we can say that the family occupies a central role of Confucian society.The Confucian family is a“moral community”.Family members are“relational selves”.Thus we can also get the meaning of existence in practice and popularization of Confucian family ethics behavior.Confucian attaches great importance to family members with a sense of“relationship”and expand the consciousness to the society and even the country.From the family view of Confucianism we can see the possibility to overcome the alienation of interpersonal relationships and form a positive“relational”human nature.Certainly in the Confucian family view still holds negative traditional cultural factors.There are many problems in adapting to modern society.Nevertheless,The value of the postmodern concept of Confucianism view of family in the future direction deserves full attention.