河西走廊中部人工沙漠植被典型群落物种的多样性

Species Diversity of Typical Community of Artificial Desert Vegetation in Hexi Corridor

[目的]揭示河西走廊中部人工沙漠植被典型群落物种多样性研究,为干旱沙漠地区的生态恢复和人工植被建设及沙区植被多样性的恢复与重建提供理论依据。[方法]基于对甘肃省张掖市临泽县治沙站人工沙漠典型群落物种多样性进行调查。运用Simpson和Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数,Margalef物种丰富度指数,Simpson物种优势度指数和Pielou物种均匀度指数计算。[结果]灌木群落具有较高的丰富度指数和多样性指数,而草本群落具有较高的均匀度指数;物种多样性指数、丰富度指数变化趋势基本一致,而均匀度指数则呈相反趋势;β多样性与α多样性反应结果一致;丰富度指数与多样性指数、均匀度指数之间存在极显著的相关性,植物多样性与土壤结皮层厚度呈正比,与土壤含水量高低影响不大。[结论]灌木以梭梭—白刺群落为优势群落,草本以雾冰藜—白茎盐生草群落为优势群落,具有物种组成简单,多样性较低的特点,群落在植物生活型上以旱生、超旱生或盐生的小灌木和1年生草本植物占主导地位。

[Objective]The study on species diversity of typical community of artificial desert vegetation in central Hexi Corridor in order to provide theoretical basis for ecological restoration and artificial vegetation construction in arid desert areas and restoration and reconstruction of vegetation diversity in sand areas.[Methods]Based on the investigation of species diversity of typical community of artificial desert in sand control station at Linze County of Zhangye City,Gansu Province.Using the Simpson and Shannon-Wiener species diversity index,the Margalef species richness index,the Simpson species dominance index,and the Pielou species evenness index.[Results]The shrub community had high richness index and diversity index,while the herb community had high evenness index.The species diversity index and richness index showed the same trend,while the uniformity index showed the opposite trend.βdiversity is consistent with theαdiversity reaction result;There were significant correlations between richness index and diversity index and evenness index.Plant diversity was proportional to soil conjunctival thickness,and had little effect on soil moisture content.[Conclusion]The shrub is dominated by the Haloxylon ammodendron-Nitraria tangutorum community,and the herb is dominated by the Bassia dasyphylla-Haloxylon ammodendron community,which has the characteristics of simple species composition and low diversity.The community is dominated by small shrubs and annual herbaceous plants that are xerophyte,extreme xerophyte or salty in plant life.