青岛市新机场建设耕作层土壤质量评价与剥离深度的确定

Soil Quality and Stripping Depth Evaluation of Tillage Layer for Construction of Qingdao New Airport

[目的]探索青岛市新机场耕作层土壤剥离的土壤质量评价方法,并根据土壤质量等级确定耕作层土壤剥离深度,为编制耕作层土壤剥离利用方案提供基础。[方法]依据指标设计原则,对耕作层土壤剥离理念及其目标要求进行分析,提出土壤质量评价指标体系。采用模糊隶属度模型评价土壤肥力,采用内梅罗综合污染指数评价土壤重金属及有机物污染状况,采用SQI指数对土壤综合质量进行评价,划分土壤质量等级,从而确定耕作层土壤剥离深度。[结果]1,3,4,5,8,11,12号采样点耕作层土壤质量等级为一级,2,6,9号采样点耕作层土壤质量等级为二级,7,10号采样点耕作层土壤质量等级为为三级。[结论]一级土壤质量最好,耕作层平均厚度为20cm。建议的土壤剥离深度为30cm;二级土壤质量较好,耕作层平均厚度为20cm,建议对新机场建设项目损毁占用土地的耕作层土壤剥离,土壤剥离深度为20cm;三级土壤质量中等,耕作层平均厚度为20cm,选择性的对新机场建设项目损毁占用土地的部分优质耕作层土壤按层次剥离,土壤剥离深度为10cm。

[Objective]To explore the soil quality evaluation method of soil stripping in tillage layer in building Qingdao New Airport,and to determine the soil stripping depth of the tillage layer according to the soil quality grade,so as to provide the basis for the soil stripping utilization scheme of the tillage layer.[Methods]According to index design principles,we analyzed the concept and the demand of the tillage layer stripping and drew a conclusion of soil quality evaluation system.The fuzzy membership model was used to estimate the soil fertility.The Nemerow multi-factor index was used to estimate the soil contaminating degree of the heavy metal and organism.The comprehensive quality of soil was evaluated by soil quality index to rank soil qaulity,then the stripping depth of tillage layer is achieved.[Results]Soil quality grade of tillage layer was achieved,that sample points of 1,3,4,5,8,11,12 were the first,sample points 2,6,9 are the second,sample points 7,10 were the third.[Conclusion]The first grade soil quality is the best,and the average thickness of tillage layer is 20 cm.The recommended soil stripping depth is 30 cm.The second grade soil quality is the better,and the average thickness of tillage layer is 20 cm.The recommended soil stripping depth of the occupied and damaged tillage layer is 20 cm for the new airport construction project.The third grade soil quality is medium,the average thickness of tillage layer is 20 cm.It is suggested to select part of damaged and occupied tillage layer with high quality to strip for the new airport construction project.The recommended soil stripping depth is 10 cm.