不同除草剂结合小麦秸秆还田对稻田杂草防除效果比较

Comparison of Weed Control Effects of Different Herbicides Combined with Different Wheat Straw Returning in Rice Field

为筛选出不同秸秆还田量条件下,对稻田杂草防效高、安全性好且施药量低的除草剂配方,在小麦秸秆定量还田条件下,采用封闭处理和茎叶喷雾进行田间药效试验。结果发现,水稻直播田中,选取双唑草腈+五氟磺草胺、呋喃磺草酮·氟酮磺草胺+氰氟草酯配方,综合防效可达95%以上;移栽田中,选取草酮、丙炔草酮进行封闭处理,综合防效也可达90%;而机插秧田中,呋喃磺草酮·氟酮磺草胺(封闭)+五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯(点喷)综合防效可达95%以上,且这些配方的施药量与农民自防区相比均显著下降。说明秸秆还田条件下,不同耕作方式选择相应的除草剂可以达到减施增效的效果。

Herbicides were screened for their efficacy and selectivity under different straw returning regimes.When wheat straw was quantitatively returned to the field,foliar applied herbicides were evaluated.The combination of pyraclonil+penoxsulam,tefuryltrione·triafamone+cyhalofop-butyl provided an overall weed control of up to 95%in a direct seeded rice field.In a transplanted field,oxadiazon and oxadiargyl achieved 90%control.The combined efficacy of tefuryltrione·triafamone(closed)+penoxsulam·cyhalofop-butyl(point spray)was more than 95%,and the dosage of these formulations decreased significantly compared with those used by farmers in mechanically transplanted paddy fields.Therefore under the condition in which straw is returned to the field,herbicide application can be reduced and their efficacy increased by choosing the corresponding herbicides according to tillage practices.