社区2型糖尿病患者流行性感冒相关知识知晓率调查

Awareness of influenza related knowledge among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community

目的了解社区2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者流行性感冒(流感)相关知识知晓率及影响因素,为T2DM患者流感预防提供依据。方法于2017年3—4月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,在宁波市9个县(市、区)各抽取2个街道或乡镇,从每个街道或乡镇抽取100例T2DM患者作为调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查,分析T2DM患者流感相关知识知晓水平及影响因素。结果共调查1 791人,有效调查1 784人,有效率为99.61%。T2DM患者流感知识知晓≥3题占49.05%;其中糖尿病患者容易并发流感的知晓率为28.76%;流感会影响血糖控制的知晓率为38.17%,流感会加重糖尿病病情的知晓率为38.12%;听说过流感疫苗的T2DM患者占41.65%,认为接种流感疫苗可预防流感的占41.38%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,初中及以上学历(OR_(初中)=1.798, 95%CI:1.404～2.302; OR_(高中/中专)=2.666, 95%CI:1.726～4.119; OR_(大专及以上)=3.180, 95%CI:1.403～7.211)、参加职工基本医疗保险(OR=1.729, 95%CI:1.338～2.236)、家庭医生签约(OR=1.637, 95%CI:1.334～2.009)是提高流感知识知晓率的促进因素,年龄≥50岁(OR_(50岁)～=0.446, 95%CI:0.338～0.589; OR_(60岁)～=0.511, 95%CI:0.414～0.631; OR_(70岁)～=0.528, 95%CI:0.417～0.669; OR≥80岁=0.412, 95%CI:0.281～0.605)则不利于流感知识知晓率的提高。结论 T2DM患者的流感知识知晓率较低;年龄≥50岁、初中以下学历、医疗保险保障水平低和非家庭医生签约是T2DM患者流感知识知晓率低的影响因素。

Objective To understand the awareness of influenza related knowledge in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in community,and to provide evidence for the prevention of T2DM in community.Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select two streets or townships from each of the nine counties and districts in Ningbo,and then 100 patients with T2DM were selected from each street or township as the subjects of investigation.From March to April 2017,a face-to-face survey was conducted to analyze the knowledge of influenza and risk factors in patients with T2DM.Results A total of 1 791 people were investigated and 1 784 were effectively investigated,with an effective rate of 99.61%.Only 28.76%of the patients knew that diabetes were susceptible to influenza.The rate of awareness that influenza affects blood glucose control was 38.17%and that influenza aggravates the condition of diabetes was 38.12%.About 41.65%of patients had heard of influenza vaccine and 41.38%agreed that influenza vaccine could prevent influenza.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that T2DM patients educated in junior middle school and above(ORjunior middle school=1.798,95%CI:1.404-2.302;ORsenior middle school=2.666,95%CI:1.726-4.119;ORcollege and above=3.180,95%CI:1.403-7.211),basic medical insurance for workers(OR=1.729,95%CI:1.338-2.236)and patients who signed the family doctor(OR=1.637,95%CI:1.334-2.009)may have higher awareness rate of influenza related knowledge.However,T2DM patients aged more than 50 years old(OR50-59 years old=0.446,95%CI:0.338-0.589;OR60-69 years old=0.511,95%CI:0.414-0.631;OR70-79 years old=0.528,95%CI:0.417-0.669;OR≥80 years old=0.412,95%CI:0.281-0.605)may have lower awareness rate about influenza knowledge.Conclusion Patients with T2DM had a lower awareness rate of influenza related knowledge,especially those who were more than 50 years old,had junior middle school or below education,had lower level of medical insurance and had no family doctors.