水下探测通信一体化关键技术分析

Analysis on the Key Technology of Integrated Underwater Detection and Communication

水下探测与水声通信相结合的水下探测通信一体化技术具有减小平台体积、降低功耗、提高隐蔽性等优点,但声呐的物理特性、声特性以及水声环境等因素制约了该技术的发展。结合现有雷达通信一体化、水下探测与水声通信技术,研究了共享体制下基于通信信号的水下探测通信一体化技术,分析了常用水声通信调制方式的探测与通信性能,选取了适合水下共享波形的调制方式。针对单基地工作模式,提出了多级自干扰抑制方法以及利用通信信号特点进行目标方位估计与检测的方法,设计了发射泄漏模拟抵消器。针对双基地工作模式,利用空域矩阵滤波方式进行直达波的消除,分析了信噪比、误码率与探测性能的关系,同时利用直达波获取的发射信号与回波信号进行匹配滤波,提高了目标参数估计与检测性能。

The integrated technology combined with underwater acoustic communication and underwater detection possesses the advantages of reducing platform volume and power consumption,and enhancing concealment.However,the development of this technology is restricted by the physical characteristics,acoustic characteristics and underwater acoustic environment of a sonar.In this paper,an integrated detection and communication technology based on communication signals under the sharing system is researched by means of the existing radar communication integration technology,underwater acoustic communication and detection technology.The detection and communication performances of the commonly used underwater acoustic communication modulation mode are analyzed,and the modulation modes suitable for underwater shared waveforms are selected.Aiming at the single base operation mode,a multi-level self-interference cancellation method and a method for estimating and detecting target based on the characteristics of communication signal are proposed,and a emiting leakage analog canceller is designed.Aiming at the bistatic operation mode,a spatial matrix filter is used to eliminate the direct waves,the relationship among signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),bit error rate(BER)and detection performance are analyzed,and the transmitted signal and echo wave which are obtained by direct wave are matched for filtering,so the performance of target parameter estimation and detection is improved.