蔬菜皂苷的生物活性与应用研究进展

Progress on Biological Activities and Applications of Vegetable Saponins

皂苷是一类糖苷,它的苷元一般为三萜或是甾体,广泛存在于高等植物中。植物中发现及应用皂苷最多的是人参,而且很多中药中的皂苷成分及功效也已经得到了系统的研究。作为重要的次级代谢产物,蔬菜中皂苷的分离提纯及应用也经常被报道;而现在人们都注重饮食健康,挖掘药食同源的蔬菜新品种、新功效也是重要的研究方向。本文对蔬菜中的皂苷的提取纯化工艺及其生物活性进行总结,以期为蔬菜皂苷的应用提供参考。

Saponins is a kind of glycosides,which were widely found in higher plants.Its aglycons are usually triterpenes or steroids.In plants,ginsenosides are found and applied most frequently,and components and effects of many saponins in Chinese medicine have also been systematically studied.As important secondary metabolites,the separation,purification and application of saponins in vegetables were also reported widely.Since people are paying attention to healthy diets nowadays,it is also an important research direction to discover novel varieties and functions of medicinal vegetables.This paper summarized the extraction and purification processes and the biological activities of saponins in vegetables,in order to provide reference for application of saponins in vegetables.