海洋微塑料物理迁移过程研究进展与展望

Progress and prospect on the study of physical transportation of marine microplastics

微塑料作为一种新型污染物,在海洋中广泛分布,给海洋生态系统带来潜在的生态风险。充分认识海洋微塑料迁移途径和归趋行为,掌握其运移规律及影响因素,能够为治理海洋微塑料污染提供理论指导和科学依据。本文综述了微塑料在海洋中物理迁移过程的研究进展,系统分析了影响微塑料运移过程的各种影响因素,包括风、浪、流等海洋动力过程,生物作用和塑料的粒径、形状等物理性质;并对该领域未来的研究工作进行了展望。

As a class of emerging contaminants,microplastics are ubiquitous and abundant in the ocean.Pollution caused due to microplastics has been posing a great threat to the entire marine ecosystem.Therefore,there is an urgent need to understand the fate and transportation behaviors of microplastics in the ocean environment.A better understanding of the transportation of microplastics helps not only in identifying the location of marine microplastics but also in providing theoretical guidance and basis for the management of pollution caused due to marine microplastics.In this article,we summarize the research progress in the physical transportation of marine microplastics in the ocean and discuss the effects of different factors on transportation,including environmental factors such as wind,wave,vegetation,and water dynamics and the size and shape of plastic debris.Finally,we put forward further research on this topic.