先秦诗书文化与孔孟文化守成主义

Culture of Poetry and Document in the Pre-Qin Era and Cultural Conservatism in Confucius and Mencius

春秋、战国时期,礼乐文明越来越丧失政治—伦理统制功能,诗书文化越来越丧失思想—文化统制功能。但是,诗书文化保存并承传了礼乐文明的实践成果,展示着礼乐文明和诗书文化的逻辑性统一。孔子、孟子基于文化守成主义立场,试图巩固诗书文化所以能够再现礼乐文明的基础本身,进而恢复礼乐文明固有的,但又正在逐渐丧失的政治—伦理统制功能。文化守成主义从孔子传承到孟子,根源于先秦儒家对文以载道的社会学理想类型有着高度的觉悟。

The pre-Qin era witnessed the gradual decline of the governing-and-controlling function from both rite and music at the aspect of politics and ethics,and poetry and document in terms of ideology and culture.Nevertheless,as a kind of culture,poetry and document preserved fruits and inherited practices from rite and music,which functioned as a civilization,more vital to poetry and document.The relationship of the two also reflected the consistency between poetry and document,and rite and music.As cultural conservatism advocates,Confucius and Mencius endeavored to illustrate the significance of poetry and document in order to consolidate the foundation for reviving rite and music.They held the view that the consolidation of poetic and documentary culture could further restore the once established but now fading glory of rite and music as a governing-and-controlling function in the field of politics and ethics.Passed down from Confucius to Mencius,cultural conservatism stemmed from a highly didactic sociological ideal type in the pre-Qin s Confucianism.