顾炎武与申涵光交往述考——兼论其学术思想异同

The Textual Research on the Association between Gu Yanwu and Shen Hanguang:On the Similarities and Differences of Their Academic Thought

本文从三个角度对顾炎武与申涵光的交往情况进行了初步的考察与探讨,所得主要结论认为,顾、申基于相似的家史背景而有共同的民族情感与遗民志节,其学术则互有同异,其同在强调“下学而上达”,异在顾明显偏重于“下学”,申则看似“下学”与“上达”并重,实则强调“上达必该下学”,使“下学”从属于“上达”,终以“主敬”而归宿于“求放心”“致良知”之心学。

We did the preliminary research and discussion on the Association between Gu Yanwu and Shen Hanguang in three points of view.And the main conclusions are:With the similar family history,Mr.Gu and Mr.Shen got the same nation s sentiment and adherents spirits as well.There are similarities and differences on their academic thought.The similarity is to emphasize the“Learning to know virtue”;The difference is that Mr.Gu laid particular stress on“learning”,meanwhile Mr.Shen paid equal attention to“learning”and“Knowing virtue”.As a matter of fact,Mr.Shen emphasized that“knowing virtue must begin with learning.”to the direction of“learning”should be subject to“knowing virtue”,finally with his“Veneration Concept”to the end-result of philosophy of mind,such as“learning to set one s mind at rest as well as in good conscience.”