明代漳州府“南门桥杀人”的地学真相与“先儒尝言”——基于明代九龙江口洪灾的认知史考察

The Geoscience Truth of“South Gate Bridge killings”in Zhangzhou Prefecture of Ming Dynasty and Confucian Views-Based on the cognitive history of the flood of Jiulong River Estuary in Ming Dynasty

在前科学时代,影响自然科学进步的因素很多,而思想、信仰的影响尤为显著。因为科学的每一次重大进步,首先是思维范式发生转换。而思维范式转换,无一不涉及人们的思想和信仰,特别是宗教信仰。在中世纪欧洲,民众的思想被基督教所禁锢,不能越雷池一步。而在传统中国,由于政治势力的强势,虽然没有出现类似的宗教钳制,但正统学说——儒学的作用绝不下于宗教,因此有学者把中国前科学时代向科学时代的转变过程称为“走出中世纪”。

In the geo-scientific process of reconstruction of the Jiulong River of Ming Dynasty,the author found that the real“Killing Curse”of Jiulong River flood was the coupling result of various factors,such as climate,regional topography,astronomical tide,storm surge and the distribution of water systems,etc.which was irrelevant with the reconstruction of South Gate bridge in Zhangzhou.However,when the“local saints”Chen Chun questioned the reasonableness of the site of South Gate bridge,the saying-killing of South Gate Bridge,had been kidnapped by his enormous influence since the Southern Song Dynasty,so that the Records in Ming and Qing Dynasty protected the saying in every possible way.For Zhangzhou South Gate Bridge,local records were convinced of Chen Chun s remarks rather than delve into the truth of the killing flood.At best,the saying could fool the people who were unaware of the truth only.It wouldn t cause more serious consequences,because the South Gate Bridge wasn t the culprit at all.However,once such“superstition”became the intellectuals mainstream values,it would kill people s desire to pursue the truth from the spiritual level.This was not only completely contrary to the spirit of exploring the truth of nature in modern geo-science,but also restricted the origination and development of modern geo-science in traditional China.