20世纪50—60年代业余高等教育研究——以北京为例

On Amateur Higher Education in 50-60s of the 20th Century——Taking Beijing as an Example

业余高等教育发轫于20世纪50年代,这种教育方式一出现,就被作为能够迅速提升工人、农民、机关工作人员等在职人员的教育水平,实现高等教育快速普及的重要途径而备受推崇。将教育与劳动相结合进而推动社会发展的思想,是力图在贫穷落后的中国,将脑力劳动与体力劳动相结合,大力推动高等教育普及化,将底层民众更多地带入高等教育的殿堂,进而转变社会结构与劳动分工,最终达到改造社会阶层之目的。这种思想虽值得探究,但在实施的过程中却忽视了客观条件,从而为刚刚建立的业余高等教育办学制度带来很多负面影响。

Amateur higher education started in the 1950s.It was regarded as a way to rapidly improve the education level of workers,peasants,government personnel and other in-service personnel as soon as it appeared.The idea of combining education with labor to promote social development is to combine mental and physical labor in poor and backward China,vigorously promote the popularization of higher education,bring more people at the bottom into the palace of higher education,then change the social structure and division of labor,and finally achieve the purpose of reforming the social stratum.Although this idea is worth exploring,it ignores the objective conditions in the process of implementation,thus brings many negative effects to the newly established amateur higher education system.