分析手足口病的临床特征

Analysis of the Clinical Features of Hand-foot-mouth Disease

目的:探讨与分析手足口病的病理学以及临床特征。方法:选取本院传染科2014年8月-2017年8月期间接收的手足口病患者268例作为研究对象,对其进行血液标本采集,将采集的血液标本置入病毒运送液中,使用全自动核酸提取仪器对患者血清病毒RNA进行提取后对其进行检测,并对其进行相应的治疗。观察对比轻症患者与重症患者临床症状的差异性。结果:在81例重症患者肠道病毒血清型构成中,肠道病毒71型32例,柯萨奇病毒A6型23例,柯萨奇病毒A10型6例,柯萨奇病毒A16型16例,其他病毒类型4例;轻症患者中,肠道病毒71型93例,柯萨奇病毒A6型47例,柯萨奇病毒A10型15例,柯萨奇病毒A16型29例,其他病毒类型3例。所有患者均按照手足口病诊疗要求进行治疗,治疗后均治愈。所有患者白细胞计数、血糖值均发生一定变化,轻症患者白细胞计数、血糖值比较均优于重症患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重症患者不良反应发生情况明显高于轻症患者,差异有统计学意义(X^2=13.922,P=0.000)。结论:手足口病多发于小儿患者,对于手足口病需要做到早预防、早诊断、早治疗,避免导致其他不良反应的发生从而引发死亡。

Objective:To explore and analyze the pathological and clinical features of hand-foot-mouth disease.Method:A total of 268 patients with hand-foot-mouth disease admitted in the Department of Infectious Disease of our hospital from August 2014 to August 2017 were selected as the research objects.Blood samples were collected and and placed in the virus transporting fluid.The serum viral RNA of the patients were extracted and detected by automatic nucleic acid extracting instrument,and the corresponding treatment was performed.The differences of clinical symptoms between mild and severe patients were observed and compared.Result:The serotype composition of enterovirus in 81 severe patients included enterovirus 71(32 cases),coxsackievirus A6(23 cases),coxsackievirus A10(6 cases),coxsackievirus A16(16 cases)and other viral types(4 cases);among the mild patients,enterovirus 71(93 cases),coxsackievirus A6(47 cases),coxsackievirus A10(15 cases),coxsackievirus A16(29 cases)and 3 cases of other viruses.All patients were treated according to the diagnosis and treatment requirements of hand-foot-mouth disease and were cured after treatment.The white blood cell count and blood glucose value of all patients were changed to some extent.The white blood cell count and blood glucose value of mild patients were better than those of severe patients,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in severe patients was significantly higher than that in mild patients,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=13.922,P=0.000).Conclusion:Hand-foot-mouth disease occurs frequently in pediatric patients.It needs early prevention,early diagnosis and early treatment to avoid the occurrence of other adverse reactions and death.