网销呛蟹镉含量调查及膳食风险评估

Survey of cadmium content and dietary risk assessment of Portunus trituberculatus sold on line

为了调查网销呛蟹中Cd含量并量化其膳食风险,运用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定网销呛蟹中Cd含量,并与石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)进行对比,依据所得数据对网销呛蟹Cd污染食用风险进行评估。结果显示:ICP-MS及GFAAS线性相关系数均在0. 999 4以上,回收率范围为92. 8%～107. 5%,RSD范围为2. 1%～6. 8%,国家标准物质紫菜粉(GBW10023)测定值均在标准值范围内,两种方法测定结果无显著性差异;天猫、京东及淘宝电商平台100批次呛蟹样品均有Cd检出,Cd含量范围为0. 007 8～2. 578 5 mg/kg,超标率为16. 0%。实验表明,ICPMS具有快速、线性范围宽、检出限低等特点,适用于网销呛蟹中Cd含量的常规分析;网销呛蟹中Cd膳食暴露量低于每月可耐受摄入量(PTMI)推荐量(25μg/kg b. w.),目标危害商数(THQ)值均小于1,说明网销呛蟹Cd污染食用风险较低,但Cd在生物体内半衰期较长,长期大量食用网销呛蟹仍存在健康风险。

In order to investigate the Cd content in Portunus trituberculatus sold on line and to quantify its dietary risk,the study was carried out to determine the Cd content in Portunus trituberculatus sold on line by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),and compared with using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS).Based on the data obtained,the risk assessment of Cd pollution in Portunus trituberculatus sold on line was performed.The results showed that the linear correlation coefficients of ICP-MS and GFAAS were all above 0.999 4,the recovery range was in the range of 92.8%-107.5%,the relative standard deviations(RSD)was from 2.1%to 6.8%,and the national standard substance laver powder(GBW10023)was also in the standard value range,which indicated that there was no significant difference between the two methods.All samples of 100 batches of Portunus trituberculatus from Tmall,Jingdong and Taobao E-commerce platforms were detected Cd,whose content was from 0.007 8 to 2.578 5 mg/kg.The over-standard rate was 16.0%.The experiment showed that ICP-MS had the advantage of fast,wide linear range and low detection limit,which was suitable for routine analysis of Cd in Portunus trituberculatus sold on line.The risk assessment showed that the Cd dietary exposure in Portunus trituberculatus sold on line was lower than the provisional tolerable monthly intake(PTMI)recommended amount(25μg/kg b.w.),and the target hazard quotient(THQ)values were all less than 1,which indicated the low risk of Cd contamination in Portunus trituberculatus sold on line.Nevertheless,due to Cd being a long half-life in the organism,there is still a health risk if people ingest large quantities of Portunus trituberculatus sold on line for a long time.