非对称市场进入成本与小国贸易的可能优势

Asymmetric Entry Cost and Possible Trade Advantages of Small Country

本文在新经济地理学框架下,从小国单方面贸易保护的视角,构建一个两国模型,讨论产业布局的各种可能性,寻找小国贸易政策的可能优势区间。研究结果显示,小国存在一个非常狭小的贸易优势区间。当小国的市场进入成本比大国大,且大到一定程度时,小国可以在贸易保护程度等于甚至小于大国的情况下获取产业布局向自身的倾斜。随着两国市场规模差异扩大、产品替代程度加大、大国贸易保护及冰山成本的增大,小国进入优势区间的难度也会不断加大,并具有收敛性。

Under the framework of the new economic geography,this paper constructs a two-country model from the perspective of unilateral trade protection.It is found that:small countries have a very narrow range of advantages.When the small country s market entry cost is bigger than that of the big country,and to a certain extent,the small country can adopt weaker trade protection than the big powers to make the industry more supportive to itself.With the increase of the market size difference(or product substitution elasticity,trade protection of great powers,or iceberg cost),the difficulty of the small country getting the advantage will increase with convergence.