综合干预措施在高原地区高血压合并糖尿病患者中的应用

Application of comprehensive intervening measures in patients with diabetes complicated by hypertension in plateau area

目的探讨综合干预对高原地区高血压合并糖尿病患者的管理疗效。方法在2016年1月至2017年2月,入选120例于青海省交通医院住院治疗的高血压合并糖尿病患者。随机分为对照组和观察组,每组60例,对照组予常规入院指导,观察组在健康宣教、用药指导、合理膳食、科学运动、心理干预等方面予综合干预措施,观察时间为6个月。比较两组患者血压、血糖、体重、腰围达标情况,生活习惯改变情况,并发症发生率,并采用SF-36量表评价患者生活质量变化。结果干预后,与对照组相比,观察组患者血压、血糖、体重、腰围达标率分别为96.7%、95.0%、81.7%和83.3%,均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组生活习惯均有显著改变,明显优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组SF-36量表中躯体疼痛、总体健康、精神健康明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组心脑血管并发症发生率为5.0%,明显低于对照组(20.0%,P<0.05)。结论实施综合干预措施可以有效控制血压、血糖水平,提高患者生活质量,适用于高原地区高血压合并糖尿病患者的治疗。

Objective To discuss the effect of comprehensive intervening measures in patients with diabetes complicated by hypertension in plateau area.Methods The patients(n=120)were chosen from Jiaotong Hospital of Qinghai Province from Jan.2016 to Feb.2017,and randomly divided into control group and observation group(each n=60).The control group was given routine admission guidance,and observation group was given comprehensive intervening measures including health education,medication guide,rational diet,scientific exercise and psychological intervention.The observation duration was 6 months.The indexes of blood pressure,blood sugar,weight and waistline,changes of living habits and incidence of complications were compared between 2 groups.The changes of life quality were reviewed by using the MOS 36-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)in 2 groups.Results After intervention,the compliance rate of blood pressure was 96.7%,that of blood sugar was 95.0%,that of weight was 81.7%and that of waistline was 83.3%in observation compared with control group(all P<0.05).The living habits changed significantly in observation group compared with control group(P<0.05).The indexes of body pain,general health and mental health were all better in observation group compared with control group(P<0.05).The incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications was 5.0%in observation group and 20.0%in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive intervening measures can effectively control levels of blood pressure and blood sugar and improve life quality,which can be used in treatment for patients with diabetes complicated by hypertension in plateau area.