胡塞尔“构造”概念的三种图式

Three schemas of Husserl's concept of constitution

"构造"概念是胡塞尔现象学的核心概念,它被用来刻画意义如何向我们显现。索科拉夫斯基认为,胡塞尔分别在静态现象学和发生现象学阶段采取了"静态构造"的形式-质料图式和"发生构造"的一元论图式。笔者将指出,随着后期胡塞尔现象学的推进,构造的含义将更加复杂,它同时指示了自我在世界视域之中的横向结构,以及绝对时间意识支持着世界经验、并与其相互交织的纵向结构。笔者也将在此基础上,提出第三种构造图式。

Constitution is a key concept of Husserl s phenomenology.Husserl uses it to clarify how meanings manifest to us.As Sokolowski puts it,Husserl applies the“matter-form”schema to describe static constitution,and he also uses a monistic schema to illustrate genetic constitution.However,I attempt to present the defects of these two schemas,and raise a third schema of constitution,which will illuminate a more complex landscape of the later Husserl s phenomenology.In this schema,the horizontal structure of“a subject being in the world”and the vertical structure of“the absolute time-consciousness underlaying the world experience”will be revealed,and every meaning manifests itself in these structures.