海洋环境史研究的发展与展望

Development and Prospects of Marine Environmental History

基于海洋环境立体性、公共性和全球性的特点,海洋环境史探究人类历史上认识海洋、改变海洋的过程,研究人类社会与海洋及沿海地区环境的互动关系。当前的海洋环境史研究注重吸收海洋生态学、海洋生物学、环境考古学等其他学科的研究成果,采用跨学科的研究方法对海洋环境史理论、海洋捕捞业、海洋环境思想以及海洋灾害和污染等问题进行了深入的论述,为环境史扩展了新的研究领域,体现了全球史观。尽管海洋环境史已经取得了卓越的成果,但其研究内容与研究区域有限、研究方法不足。拓宽海洋环境史的研究内容、深化与其他学科的交叉合作,是未来海洋环境史发展的重要方向。

In recent years, the study of Marine Environmental History has attracted wide attention from historians. The rise of Marine Environmental History not only contributes to the formation of academic disciplines of Maritime History and Environmental History, but also the development of marine environmental protection campaign. Maritime environment has three characteristics including its multidimensionality,publicity,and globality. In considering them,Marine Environmental History investigates the process in which human beings have understood and changed the ocean over the course of history,and the interaction between human society and the environment of the ocean and coastal areas. At present,by means of interdisciplinary research methods and achievements such as the ones in Marine Ecology,Marine Biology,Environmental Archaeology and other disciplines,Marine Environmental History has conducted in-depth analysis of the issues on the theory of Marine Environmental History,marine fishing industry,marine environment thoughts, marine disasters and marine pollutions, and extended the studies of Environmental History to new research areas. These changes reflect the global view of history. Marine Environmental History has made remarkable achievements. However,its research scope remains limited,and its methods are not yet sufficient. Thus,it is an important direction for Marine Environmental Historians to broaden the scope of their research and to deepen the collaboration with other disciplines,which also provides an excellent model for the development of Marine Environmental History in China.