南京市3～6岁入托幼儿膳食营养调查

Investigation on Nutritional Status Among 3～6 Years Old Children's of the Kindergarten in Nanjing City

目的:了解南京市3～6岁入托幼儿营养状况,膳食选择与饮食习惯的现状,为儿童科学合理的饮食和制定干预对策提供科学依据。方法:采用问卷调查辅以现场观察的方式获取南京市入托幼儿的营养状况、膳食选择、膳食习惯等相关信息。结果:南京市入托幼儿营养状况存在营养不良状况,超重肥胖率较高,营养不良性别上存在显著性差异(P <0. 05);南京市入托幼儿主食、蛋类、奶类的摄入较为充足,粗杂粮和豆类摄入不足,蔬菜、畜肉、禽肉、水产、水果和饮水的摄入情况一般;南京市入托幼儿基本能够养成少吃或不吃油炸食品和甜饮料的饮食习惯,食用甜零食与营养补剂班级上存在显著性差异(P <0. 05),大班幼儿食用甜零食比小、中班严重,大班和中班幼儿食用营养补充剂比小班多。结论:南京市入托幼儿营养状况良好,但仍然存在由于营养摄入不均衡、饮食习惯不合理所致的营养不良、低体重及超重肥胖问题,应进一步加强对南京市幼托机构进行科学合理的膳食营养指导与监督。

Objective To understand the status quo of Nanjing in the children s nutritional status,dietary choices and eating habits,and provide reference for children s scientific and reasonable diet and intervention.Method The questionnaire supplemented by field observation way to obtain Nanjing nursery children s nutritional status,dietary choices,dietary habits and other related information.Result The nutritional status of children in Nanjing of malnutrition,overweight and obesity rate was higher,there were significant differences on gender malnutrition(P﹤0.05).Nanjing nursery children intake of staple food,eggs and milk was more abundant,intake of coarse grains and beans was not enough,intake of vegetables,meat,poultry,aquatic products,fruits and water was general.Nanjing kindergarten children s basic could eat or develop did not eat fried food and sweet drinks eating habits.There was a significant difference in the class of edible sweet snacks and nutritional supplements(P﹤0.05),children eat sweet snacks were more serious than the small,middle,large and middle class children to eat nutritional supplements was more than small.Conclusion The nutritional status of kindergarten children in Nanjing city is good,but there are still uneven,due to the nutritional intake of diet unreasonable due to malnutrition,low birth weight and overweight and obesity problems,we should further strengthen the supervision and guidance of children s nutrition in Nanjing city.