代孕合同效力探析

On the Validity of Surrogacy Contract

随着不孕不育者的增多以及现代医学技术的进步,代孕作为一种新的生殖模式在全球涌现,它不但打破了人们传统的生殖观念和模式,也给社会人伦、法律制度等造成强烈冲击,目前,肯定代孕与否定代孕的观点碰撞激烈。代孕合同是顺利实施代孕的基础和前提,因而从法律角度解读代孕,关键在于对代孕合同效力的认定问题上。世界各国有不断放松对代孕限制的立法趋势。我国明确规定禁止医疗机构实施任何形式的代孕,但是代孕并没有因此而销声匿迹。伴随着不孕不育者的增多,代孕的市场需求越来越大,故而对代孕采取一概禁止的做法值得商榷。

With the increasing of infertility and the progressing of modern medical technology,surrogacy,as a new reproductive model,has emerged around the world.It not only breaks people's traditional concepts and modes of reproduction,but also exerts a strong impact on social ethics and legal system.The supporters and objectors hold their respective ideas.The surrogacy contract is the basis and premise for the successful implementation of surrogacy.Therefore,the key to the legal interpretation of surrogacy lies in the determination of the validity of the surrogacy contract.There is a trend of relaxing the legislation on surrogacy around the world.China clearly prohibits medical institutions from carrying out any form of surrogacy,but surrogacy phenomenon still exists because of the increasing number of infertile couples and the market demand for surrogacy.Therefore,whether surrogacy should be banned may be reconsidered.On the basis of the comparison of the regulations on the effectiveness of surrogacy contracts in various countries and the theoretical dispute among scholars,this paper attempts to explore the legitimacy of surrogacy contracts and thinks that the recognition of the validity of surrogacy contracts in a particular condition is in line with the social development trend and conducive to the maximization of welfare.