考虑制造公差的电机转子不平衡量的建模与应用

Modeling and Application of Unbalance of Motor Rotor Based on Tolerances

目前工程应用上较多采用平衡机来校正转子的动平衡,且多数研究侧重于从转子的振型和振动补偿等角度出发进行分析与控制转子的不平衡量。从转子的制造公差源出发进行研究并控制其不平衡量,提出了一种考虑公差的转子不平衡量模型,导出了转子的7项误差对不平衡量的影响度,并以其合不平衡量表征转子的不平衡。以博世电机转子为例,分别采用提出的公差法模型和UG建模对其不平衡量分析,验证了公差法模型的正确性和适用性。结果表明转子的不平衡量与各误差项呈正相关,其中同轴度误差对不平衡的影响度最大。最后通过案例阐述了公差法的具体应用:在转子不平衡量的期望值确定后,可通过公差法计算获得转子设计阶段需控制的各误差极值。该方法使电机转子系统的动平衡在设计阶段就能获得很好的控制,为转子的设计与制造提供重要参考。

Balancing machines are widely used to adjust rotor’s balance,and a large amount of researches focus on reducing the imbalance from vibration mode and compensation of rotor.A model based on manufacturing tolerances is put forward to calculate the rotor’s unbalance,and this model describes the effects of 7 errors on the rotor’s unbalance,using as the overall amount of its unbalance.Taking Bosch motor rotor as an example,tolerance model and UG model are carried out to make analysis the rotor’s unbalance.Results verify the validity and applicability of the tolerance method.Results show that the rotor’s unbalance is consistently positive correlation with each error term,of which coaxiality error has a greatest impact of rotor’s imbalance.Finally,an application describes the specific tolerance model:when an unbalance is limited,the error extreme value can be calculated in design phase of the rotor.Tolerance model can be used to guide industrial production of rotor,and has an important engineering significance.