几种功能性添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道结构及免疫功能的影响

Evaluation of the functional additives on growth performance,intestinal structure and immunity of weanling pigs

文章旨在评估几种添加剂(肌醇、谷氨酸、核苷酸和酵母蛋白)对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道结构及免疫功能的影响。选择21日龄平均体重为(6.14±0.09)kg的断奶仔猪1000头,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复40头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组分别在基础日粮中添加0.02%、0.3%、0.2%和2%的肌醇、谷氨酸、核苷酸和酵母蛋白,各组营养水平一致。试验从断奶后第1天进行到第21天,最后仔猪出栏时观察断奶后21 d到出栏时的生长性能。结果显示:酵母蛋白组较对照组、肌醇组和核苷酸组显著降低了仔猪断奶后21 d的料肉比(P <0.05);各组对仔猪断奶后21 d到出栏时的采食量、日增重和料肉比无显著影响(P> 0.05);核苷酸组较其他各组有降低仔猪断奶后21 d-出栏时料肉比的趋势(P=0.07)。酵母蛋白组较对照组和肌醇组显著提高了十二指肠绒毛高度(P <0.05),但与谷氨酸和核苷酸组对绒毛高度的影响无显著差异(P> 0.05)。谷氨酸和肌醇组较对照组和核苷酸组显著提高了仔猪断奶后21 d血清IgG的含量(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮添加酵母蛋白对仔猪生长性能的提高作用可以从断奶后21 d一直延续到出栏,酵母蛋白可以提高仔猪断奶后21 d十二指肠绒毛高度。

This study was aimed to investigate the functional additives(inositol,glutamate,nucleotides and yeast protein)on growth performance,intestinal structure and immunity of weaning pigs.A total of 1000 weaning pigs(21 d),average weight(6.14±0.09)kg were allotted to 5 groups with 5 replicates of 40 pigs.The control group fed with the basal diets,and the trial groups were addition of 0.02%,0.3%,0.2%and 2%inositol,glutamate,nucleotides and yeast protein,respectively,into the basal diet.Results showed that the trial groups had lower feed gain ratio than the control group(P<0.05).The feed intake,daily weigh gain and feed gain ratio were not different between diets from 21 d to slaughter(P>0.05).There was a trend for pigs in nucleotides group to have a lower feed gain ratio from 21 d to slaughter compared to pigs fed the other diets(P=0.07).Villous height in the duodenum of the yeast protein group was higher than of the control and inositol groups(P<0.05).The IgG levels were increased in pigs that received the inositol and glutamate diets compared to the control and nucleotides diets(P<0.05).In conclusion,we found that the yeast protein diet was contributing to the beneficial response in growth performance and time to slaughter and can increase the duodenum villus height of pigs from weaning to 21 d.