2015～2017年江西省瑞金市土源性线虫感染现况调查

Infection status of soil-transmitted nematodes and evaluation of control effect in Ruijin

目的:了解瑞金市土源性线虫感染现状,并与历史调查数据比较分析,对历年防治措施进行效果评估。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法随机抽取调查人群,对3周岁以上居民运用改良藤厚涂片法检测土源性线虫虫卵,并对儿童(3～9岁)运用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵。结果:2015～2017年共筛查2 783人,土源性线虫感染人数121人,总感染率为4. 35%,较1988年下降94. 84%,较2002年下降86. 36%。2015～2017年检查出蛔虫、蛲虫两种虫卵,未检出鞭虫和钩虫虫卵,蛔虫阳性率0. 22%,蛲虫感染率为18. 27%。2015～2017年蛲虫感染率显著高于总感染率(χ2=156. 43,P <0. 01),3年蛲虫感染率无统计学差异(P> 0. 05),稍高于1988年和2002年调查数据。不同性别间土源性线虫感染率无统计学差异(P> 0. 05)。以井水、山泉水为水源的居民土源性线虫感染率明显高于以自来水为水源的居民感染率(χ2=24. 09,P <0. 01)。结论:瑞金市土源性线虫病的防治成效显著,蛲虫病是瑞金市目前主要的土源性线虫病,防治的重点人群是农村的儿童。

Objective:To master the infection status of soil transmitted nematode infection in Ruijin,and to evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures over the years comparing with the historical survey data.Methods:A stratified cluster sampling method was used to detect the population,and the eggs of soil borne nematode were detected by Kato-katz thick smear method for the residents over 3 years old,and the children(3~9 years old)were examined by the transparent glue paper anal swab to examine the eggs of the worms.Results:A total of 2783 people were screened in 2015~2017 years.The number of soil transmitted nematode infections was 121,with a total infection rate of 4.35%,a decrease of 94.84%compared with 1988,a decrease of 86.36%compared with 2002.In the 2015~2017 year,the eggs of ascaris and worms were detected,undetected eggs of whip and hookworm,the positive rate of roundworm was 0.22%,the infection rate of the worm was 18.27%.In the 2015~2017 year,the infection rate was significantly higher than that of the total infection rate(χ2=156.43,P<0.01).There was no statistical difference in the infection rate of the worm in three years(P>0.05),which was slightly higher than the survey data in 1988 and 2002.There was no significant difference in the incidence of soil transmitted nematode infection among different sexes(P>0.05).The prevalence of soil transmitted nematode infection in wells and spring water was significantly higher than that in residents with tap water as the source(χ2=24.09,P<0.01).Conclusion:The prevention and control of soil transmitted nematode disease in Ruijin was effective,worm disease was currently the main soil-transmitted nematode disease in Ruijin,the focus groups for prevention was the children in the countryside.