气候变化及人类活动背景下水源地安全研究综述

Review of water sources safety under background of climate change and human activities

长江口是我国人口最稠密、经济文化最发达的地区。近些年来,由于气候变化及人类活动的影响,长江口水源地的安全正面临着严峻的挑战。结合相关研究文献,从海平面上升、极端天气、重大工程以及区域排污等方面对水源地安全造成的影响进行了研究。在此基础上,对目前相关研究的进展以及所面临的难点问题进行了归纳总结和分析;同时,还对水资源安全预警系统的研究现状和发展趋势进行了分析研究。根据研究结果,针对目前长江口地区面临的盐水入侵和水源地安全问题,提出了相应的保障措施。研究结果可为长江口水源地安全保障措施的研究提供技术参考。

The Yangtze Estuary is the most densely populated region with the most developed economy and culture in China.In recent years,due to the impacts of climate change and human activities,the safety of water sources in the Yangtze River Estuary is facing severe challenges.Based on the related research literature,research on effects of sea level rise,extreme weather,major projects and regional sewage on the safety of water sources were reviewed,the current research progress and difficult problems were summarized,and the research status and development trend of water security early warning system were summarized.Furthermore,we put forward the corresponding safeguard measures to solve the problems of saltwater intrusion and water sources safety in the Yangtze Estuary to provide technical reference for the safety guarantee of the Yangtze River Estuary water sources area.