扭力梁疲劳寿命与减振器阻尼关系的研究

Study of relationship between fatigue life of torsion beam and shock absorber damping

为了研究扭力梁式悬架中扭力梁疲劳寿命受减振器阻尼的影响关系,首先基于物理机理建立了减振器阻尼力与阀片厚度、阀片片数等结构参数之间的数学模型,反映减振器的工作特性;基于减振器结构参数的灵敏度分析确认减振器阻尼特性调节方法;建立刚柔耦合的整车四立柱模型,并通过实验验证模型的准确性;在此基础上,将减振器模型应用于刚柔耦合的扭力梁汽车整车四立柱模型中,根据调节方法改变减振器结构参数,分析不同阻尼特性下扭力梁的疲劳寿命,得到扭力梁疲劳寿命-减振器阻尼特性关系曲线。研究结果表明:减振器阻尼特性调节方法与企业的实际调节措施一致,并且在兼顾安全性和平顺性的阻尼系数范围内,随着阻尼系数的增大,扭力梁最小疲劳寿命随之增大,而当到达一定的阻尼系数之后,阻尼系数的变化对扭力梁疲劳寿命几乎不产生影响。

In order to study the relationship between the fatigue life of the torsion beam and the shock absorber damping,the mathematical model about the damping force of the shock absorber with the thickness of the valve plate and the number of valves based on the physical mechanism was set up,which can reflect accurately the operating characteristics of the shock absorber.The sensitivity analysis based on the structural parameters of the damper was done to confirm the adjustment method of the damping characteristics of the damper;The four column model of rigid flexible coupling was established,and the accuracy of the model was verified by experiments,and then the shock absorber model was applied to the rigid flexible coupling torsion beam vehicle four column model,with the structural parameters of the damper changed according to the adjusting measures.Moreover,the curve depicting the relationship between the fatigue life of the torsion beam and damping characteristics of shock absorber can be obtained by analyzing the fatigue life of torsion beam under different damping characteristics.The adjustment method of the damping characteristics of the damper is consistent with the actual adjustment measures as the results show.The results show that within the range of the damping coefficient in consideration of safety and smooth,the minimum fatigue life of torsion beam increases with the increase of the damping coefficient,and after it reaches a certain value,the change of the damping coefficient has little effect on the fatigue life of the torsion beam.