热休克诱导细鳞鲑三倍体的初步研究

Preliminary study on heat shock induced triploid breeding of Brachymystax lenok

为探索细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok)三倍体育种技术的方法,采用热休克法进行了三倍体诱导实验,共分为6组,其中26℃设置4组,分别讨论不同起始时间和不同持续时间的诱导情况,其余2组选取24℃和28℃最优处理条件进行比较。结果显示:上述6个实验组均能够获得三倍体个体,24℃和28℃诱导率分别为48. 26%和57. 62%,26℃条件下平均诱导率达到82. 05%,各组间三倍体诱导率存在显著差异(P <0. 05)。温度是影响三倍体诱导效果的关键因素,在处理温度(26℃)相同条件下,诱导效果与持续处理时间关系密切,处理20 min三倍体诱导率高于处理10 min。上述结果表明,利用热休克诱导细鳞鲑受精卵制备三倍体鱼的方法是可行的,最佳诱导条件为卵子受精后20 min,26℃处理20 min,发眼率(92. 62±0. 74)%,孵化率(90. 74±0. 03)%,三倍体率95. 45%,综合诱导效果最佳。

The triploid induction experiments of 6 groups by heat shock were conducted to explore the method of triploid breeding of Brachymystax lenok.Four groups in the condition of two different time(15 min,20 min)after two different fertilization and duration time(10 min,20 min)at 26℃were compared with the optimal treatment conditions at 24℃and 28℃.The results showed that the triploid induction rate in 24℃and 28℃was 48.26%and 57.62%,respectively.The average induction rate of 26℃could reach to 82.05%and there were significant differences among different groups(P<0.05).Thus it could be estimated that temperature was the key factor on survival rate,and 26℃was significantly optimal among three different temperature condition.The effect of induction was closely related to the duration time under the same temperature(26℃).The results indicated that the induced condition by heat shock was feasible and the best condition was 20 min after fertilization 20 min for duration under the condition of 26℃.The eyed rate was(92.62±0.74)%,the hatching rate was(90.74±0.03)%and the induced rate was 95.45%,respectively.