行业协会论纲

Trade Associations:A Theoretical Summary

行业协会是市场经济中的结社形态之一,是作为市场主体的企业基于一定的经济关联性和利益共同性而结成的具有共同体特征的非政府组织。本文在界定行业协会的概念、属性和本质特征的基础上,回顾了从封建行会到近代同业公会再到行业协会的发展历程,从数量、体系和格局等方面总结了行业协会的发展现状,分析了行业协会的代表、协调和服务等三大基本职能及其在经济、政治和社会方面的作用,并较为深入地探讨了行业协会治理结构及其完善、管理体制的现状及创新等问题,最后分析了行业协会立法问题并提出了相应的政策建议。

Trade associations,a form of association within a market economy,are NGOs formed by market-actor enterprises based on commonalities of economy and interests,and which have characteristics of communities(共同体).Based on definitions of the concept,properties and characteristics of trade associations,this article reviews their development starting from feudal society s guilds(行会)to modern society s trade councils(同业公会)and,finally,to trade associations(行业协会).Their development is summarized quantitatively,and qualitatively,in terms of systems and structures.The three primary functions of representation,coordination,and service are analyzed,as are their economic,political and social roles.The structure of and improvements to their governance are analyzed,as are the the state of and innovations to their management systems.Finally,legislative aspects are analyzed and policy recommendations presented.