公益创投:培育非营利组织的新模式——以“上海社区公益创投大赛”为例

Venture Philanthropy:A New Model to Cultivate NPO--The Case of“Shanghai Community Venture Philanthropy Match”

公益创投起源于20世纪90年代末期的美国。上海市民政局于2009年举办的“上海社区公益创投大赛”是中国首次由政府组织的大规模公益创投实践。本文在实地调研以及数据分析的基础上,以公益创投机制为研究对象,通过国外和上海公益创投的对比,提出上海的公益创投采取的是混合模式:借鉴公益创投的理念,在执行上却带有传统公益补助的特征。公益创投作为一种培育非营利组织的新模式,它的作用是循序渐进的,蕴含在公益创投内的效率、问责等要素,将会使公益领域和第三部门焕然一新。最后分析了上海公益创投所存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策思考。

Venture Philanthtopy first appeared in the United States in the 1990s.The Shanghai Community Public Interest Venture Philanthropy Competition organized in 2009 by the Shanghai Bureau of Civil Affairs was the first major trial of this model organized by the government.This study examines this new mechanism using quantitative data gathered on site.Comparing the Shanghai trial with international practices,it is determined that the Shanghai trial represented a hybrid-form model.It borrows from the public interest venture Philanthropy model but operationally also resembles traditional public interest subsidies.This new model for nurturing non profits,with its gradual effects,incremental change,efficiency and accountability,will change the face of the public interest field and the third sector as we know them.Finally the study considers some problems with the Shanghai trial and offers some possible solutions.