改革开放四十年我国义务教育改革发展的回眸与反思

Retrospect and Reflection on the Reform and Development of China's Compulsory Education since Reform and Opening-Up

改革开放四十年来,我国义务教育经历了普及初等教育、基本普及九年义务教育、全面普及九年义务教育、巩固和深化九年义务教育四个阶段。经过四十年改革发展,我国义务教育发展成效显著:从普及初等教育到全面普及义务教育,义务教育发展速度赶超许多发达国家,创造了世界义务教育发展史上的奇迹;从基本均衡正走向优质均衡,义务教育逐步进入"后均衡时代";从教育弱国到世界瞩目,义务教育发展站在新的历史起点上。反思我国义务教育改革发展的历程和存在的问题,未来我国应继续提升义务教育巩固水平,着力推动义务教育优质均衡发展,进一步提高义务教育质量,落实十九大"办人民满意教育"的要求。

In the past forty years since Reform and Opening-Up,compulsory education in China has gone through four stages,namely,popularizing primary education,generally popularizing nine-year compulsory education,completely popularizing nine-year compulsory education,and consolidating and deepening nine-year compulsory education.After reforming and developing in the past forty years,China’s compulsory education has made many great achievements.Such as,transforming from popularizing primary education to completely popularizing compulsory education,the speed of the development of compulsory education has surpassed many developed countries,which creates a miracle in the history of world compulsory education.Then transforming from basically balanced development into high-quality balanced development,compulsory education has gradually entered into the“post-balanced development era”.What’s more,transforming from a weak education country to world-focused education country,compulsory education is now standing at a new historic starting point.Rethinking the course and existing problems of China's compulsory education reform and development,China should continue to improve the level of compulsory education,and focus on promoting quality balanced development of compulsory education to further improve the quality of compulsory education,and then implement the requirements of“running satisfying education for people”proposed in the 19th National Congress.