教育精准扶贫的内涵、要素及实现路径

The Connotation, Elements and Realization Path of Education Accurate Poverty Alleviation

教育精准扶贫是一种针对贫困人口人力资本增值、思想观念塑造、生产技能提升的综合性教育治贫活动,属于教育活动和教育固有功能在扶贫领域的延伸与拓展。教育精准扶贫内含主体、客体、中介三个基本要素,以教育治贫活动的内容构成和活动方式为中介,教育精准扶贫在贫困对象和精准教育治贫主体间形成了有机衔接。教育精准扶贫的系统推进,需要横向上"家庭教育、学校教育、社会教育、自我教育"和纵向上"基础教育、中等教育/职业教育、高等教育、老年教育"的统筹和协调互补,构建集"扫盲脱盲识字教育、知识文化素养锻造、劳动生产技能培训、创业创新能力培养"于一体的"全纳式教育精准扶贫"体系。

Accurate poverty alleviation in education is a comprehensive education poverty alleviation activity for appreciating human capital,shaping,ideological and improving production skills of the poor,which belongs to the extension and expansion of education activities and the inherent function of education in the field of poverty alleviation.The subject,the object and the intermediary are three basic elements of education accurate poverty alleviation.Through the intermediary medium of the content composition and the activity mode of education poverty alleviation,an organic connection among the poor object and the subject of education accurate poverty alleviation has been formed.Education accurate poverty alleviation transversely includes“family education,school education,social education,and self-education”,as well as“basic education,secondary education and vocational education,higher education and aged education”longitudinally.The systematic promotion of education accurate poverty alleviation requires the overall promotion,coordination and complementarity of the transverse education and longitudinal education.Based on above viewpoints,this paper presents the“inclusive education accurate poverty alleviation”system consisting of“literacy movement,knowledge and cultural literacy improvement,training of labor production skills,as well as entrepreneurial innovation ability training”