试论美国“网络中立”原则的兴废

The Adoption and Abolishment of “Net Neutrality” in the United States of America

自2002年"网络中立"(Network/Net Neutrality)概念提出至今,美国关于"网络中立"的争议就没有停止过,无论是奥巴马政府的"立",还是特朗普政府的"废",这场涉及技术、经济、政治、社会等诸多领域的争议揭示出美国各界对"网络中立"议题的不同态度和价值取向。美国联邦通讯委员会构建"网络中立"原则的过程曲折起伏,而该原则被废除似乎自特朗普上台就是注定的。从根本上说,网络中立争议不过是利益和政治之争在互联网领域的体现而已。

Since 2002,when the conception of“Network Neutrality”proposed by Tim Wu,the dispute is unstoppable,whether the Obama administration’s“adoption”,or the Trump government’s“abolishment”.This dispute,involving technology,economy,politics,society and many other fields,reveals the different attitudes and values of American people towards the issue of“net neutrality”.FCC’s process of establishing“net neutrality”rules has also been tortuous,but it is doomed to be abolished since Trump come to power.Radically,the debate on network neutrality is nothing more than the interests and political disputes in the Internet field.