王船山老庄诠释之学的文本形态与思想旨趣

The Textual Form and Theoretical Feature of Wang Chuanshan's Interpretation on Laozi and Zhuangzi

王船山老庄诠释之学的文本形态有两种:其一是狭义的内部性诠释文本,即《老子衍》《庄子通》《庄子解》等三部道家经典诠释专书;其二是广义的外部性诠释文本,即王船山在不同体例的其他著作中写下的直接或间接随机评议阐说老庄的大量文字。比较这两种文本可见,在诠释不同经典时,王船山对老庄之学的理论观点常发生变化和漂移。之所以产生这种现象,一方面可归因于船山作为儒者和遗民所具有的微妙复杂的心态,另一方面则是因为船山惯常采取因顺文本的诠释方法,而不同的经典文本固有的内在语境和思想逻辑难免会对诠释者产生干扰甚或裹挟效应。

Wang Chuanshan has annotated two renowned classical Daoist texts,Laozi and Zhuangzi.This paper argues that his annotation has two different approaches.One is in narrow sense,which means interpreting the original texts on the basis of their inner logic.The other is in broad sense,which refers to his large number of comments on Laozi and Zhuangzi in other texts beyond the previous three.The major difference lies in the shifts of Wang’s opinions in different contexts.Two reasons echo Wang’s self-diverging.The first is on the basis of his complicated attitudes towards the phenomenon of survivors.The second lies in Wang’s methodology of contextual annotation.