技术进步、户籍歧视与流动人口就业分化

Technological Progress,Household Registration Discrimination and Employment Differentiation of Floating Population

利用2015年国家卫生计生委中国流动人口动态监测调查(CMDS)数据,结合测度各省技术进步水平的宏观年鉴数据,运用二元Logistict模型与Heckman Probit模型实证检验了技术进步对不同户籍类型下流动人口就业分化的影响。研究发现:流动人口内部就业分化差异显著,城镇流动人口比城乡流动人口有更高概率进入高收入岗位;技术进步强化了这种户籍歧视,同时存在高技能偏向性,使得城镇流动人口的中等技能和高技能劳动力比城乡流动人口更容易进入高收入岗位,但是在低技能群体中的影响效应并不显著。

Based on the survey data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2015,combined the technological progress level of each province be measured with macroscopic yearbook data,using the Logistic model and Heckman Probit model,this paper empirically tested the effect of technological progress on employment differentiation of floating population under different household registration types.The study found that there is a significant difference in employment differentiation among floating population,and urban-urban floating population is more likely to enter high-income jobs than rural-urban floating population.Technological progress has intensified discrimination in household registration system,and at the same time,there is a high skill bias,which makes it easier for medium-skilled and high-skilled labor of urban-urban floating population to enter high-income jobs than rural-urban floating population.But the effect of technological progress on employment differentiation among the low-skilled labor of floating population under different household registration types is not significant.The robustness test further confirmed the above conclusion.