可控参量对水面仿生矢量推进器性能影响

Influence of controllable parameters on the performance of water-surface bionic vector propeller

针对两栖平台水陆差异式推进机构复杂、水上航速低的问题,首先,基于蛇怪蜥蜴脚掌运动学规律,研究矢量推进器的仿生机理,设计新型水面平台和两栖平台,样机试验达到了推进器气穴式推进以及平台10.6°攻角滑水航行的仿生效果.然后,结合ЦАГИ方法,开展了水面平台滑水航行动力学分析,进一步建立了平板旋转绕流模型,在单叶片力学特性和推进器合成分析的基础上,得到了驱动输出对应的最优轮轴高度以及航速与转速协同变化对驱动性能的影响,并进行了试验验证.结果表明:由单叶片三维驱动可推导推进器的周期性输出;轮轴从水面开始升高,托举力和转矩振幅先增大后减小,推力振幅单调递减,三维驱动输出峰值对应不同轮轴高度;推力和转矩整体随航速增加而减小,随转速增加而增大,托举力的变化趋势不同.

To solve the problem that the propulsion mechanism of amphibious platform is complicated and the navigation velocity is low,the first step was to study the bionic mechanism of the vector propeller and design a new type of water platform and amphibious platform based on the kinematics of basilisk lizard’s feet.The bionic effects that the propeller rotates in air cavity and the platform sails in hydroplaning state with pitch 10.6°angle were realized.Then,the dynamic mechanics model of water-surface platform’s hydroplaning sailing was analyzed with theЦАГИtheory,and the model of flow fluid of plan rotation was set up.Based on the analysis of the force characteristics of one blade and output of the propeller,the optimum axle height of the output and the comprehensive influence of navigation velocity and rotation velocity on driving output were obtained,and numerical calculation was validated by the test system.The results indicate that periodic output of the propeller can be deduced from the three-dimensional driving output of one blade.As the axle height rose from the water surface,the amplitudes of the lift and moment firstly increased and then decreased.The thrust decreased monotonically and the maximum values of three-dimensional driving output corresponded to different axle heights.As a whole,the thrust and the moment decreased with the increase of navigation velocity and increased with the increase of rotation velocity,and the changing trend of the lifting force was different.