玉米桃蛀螟雌蛾性信息素的微量组分鉴定及其性信息素诱芯组分的配比优化

Identification of the trace sex pheromone components of Conogethes punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) female adults on maize and optimization of their ratio in sex pheromone lures used in maize fields

【目的】明确为害玉米的桃蛀螟Conogethes punctiferalis雌蛾性信息素完整组成以及嗅觉反应特点。【方法】采集为害玉米的桃蛀螟性成熟雌蛾,利用气质联用仪(GC-MS)对其性腺提取物和合成标样进行比较分析,触角电位(EAG)记录技术测定和分析嗅觉反应,并结合2014年在四川和山东进行的田间诱捕比较试验筛选出最佳性信息素混合物。【结果】E10-16∶Ald为玉米桃蛀螟雌蛾性信息素主要组分,同时还检测到微量的Z10-16∶Ald和Z10-16∶OH。未交配雌蛾对E10-16∶Ald, 16∶Ald,Z10-16∶Ald,Z10-16∶OH和E10-16∶OH这5种性信息素化合物的嗅觉反应不明显,而未交配雄蛾对E10-16∶Ald和Z10-16∶Ald的嗅觉反应强烈,对E10-16∶OH和Z10-16∶OH的嗅觉反应次之。2014年在四川和山东用不同比例的三组分(E10-16∶Ald,Z10-16∶Ald和16∶Ald)和四组分(E10-16∶Ald,Z10-16∶Ald, 16∶Ald和E10-16∶OH)诱芯进行的田间试验中,三组分诱芯中E10-16∶Ald,Z10-16∶Ald和16∶Ald的比例在95∶5∶10时诱虫量最多;四组分诱芯中微量组分Z10-16∶OH在四川未表现出明显的增效作用,而在山东表现出明显的增效作用,以E10-16∶Ald,Z10-16∶Ald, 16∶Ald和E10-16∶OH的比例为95∶5∶10∶5时诱蛾能力最强。【结论】玉米桃蛀螟的性信息素完整组成包括E10-16∶Ald,Z10-16∶Ald, 16∶Ald和E10-16∶OH,其最佳比例为95∶5∶10∶5。

【Aim】The purpose of this study is to further clarify the complete composition of female sex pheromone of the yellow peach moth,Conogethes punctiferalis,infesting maize and its olfactory profile.【Methods】The extracts of pheromone glands from sexually mature female moths of C.punctiferalis infesting maize were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and sex pheromone components were confirmed with the synthetic compounds.The olfactory responses were detected and analyzed by electroantennogram recording technique.The mixtures of sex pheromone components were screened and optimized by field trapping tests in Sichuan and Shandong in 2014.【Results】E 10-16∶Ald was the main component of sex pheromone of female adults of C.punctiferalis on maize,while traces of Z 10-16∶Ald and Z 10-16∶OH were also detected.The unmated female adults did not respond to the five sex pheromone compounds including E 10-16∶Ald,16∶Ald,Z 10-16∶Ald,Z 10-16∶OH and E 10-16∶OH,while the unmated male adults responded strongly to E 10-16∶Ald and Z 10-16∶Ald,and also responded to E 10-16∶OH and Z 10-16∶OH.In the field tests with lures containing three components(E 10-16∶Ald,Z 10-16∶Ald and 16∶Ald)and four components(E 10-16∶Ald,Z 10-16∶Ald,16∶Ald and E 10-16∶OH)at different ratios in Sichuan and Shandong in 2014,the lure containing E 10-16∶Ald,Z 10-16∶Ald and 16∶Ald at the ratio of 95∶5∶10 trapped the highest number of adults.The trace component Z 10-16∶OH in Sichuan showed no significantly synergistic effect,while showed significantly synergistic effect in Shandong,and the lure containing E 10-16∶Ald,Z 10-16∶Ald,16∶Ald and E 10-16∶OH at the ratio of 95∶5∶10∶5 showed the highest trapping efficacy.【Conclusion】The complete composition of the sex pheromone of C.punctiferalis on maize includes E 10-16∶Ald,Z 10-16∶Ald,16∶Ald and E 10-16∶OH,and their optimal ratio is 95∶5∶10∶5.