世界高水平男子职业网球选手竞技特征、成才规律分析

Characteristics and Law of Success of World High Level Professional Tennis Players

运用专家访谈法、文献资料法、数理统计等方法,借助SWOT分析和博弈论对世界职业男子网球发展趋势进行分析。研究表明:世界男子职业网球运动员职业生涯年限缩短,身体形态朝着更加高大强壮的趋势发展;职业网球在世界上推广范围更宽,欧洲已经取代美国成为新的霸主;男子职业网坛的竞争更加激烈,提高参赛质量和效率是在竞争中获得优势的关键。我国男子网球可持续发展必须依照发展规律,抓好后备力量建设,夯实网球人才基础;依靠创新培养模式,抓住历史机遇,发挥多元途径作用;依托政府和社会资源,抓好赛事体系构建,搭建国内竞训平台;依据现实条件,抓稳教练培养工作,打造高端智训队伍。

Through SWOT and game theory,the paper analyzes the world men’s professional tennis on the basis of expert interviews,document literature and mathematical statistics.The research showed that the professional career of players was shortening.The players were taller and stronger.Nowadays,Europe overtook the U.S to become the giant of the world tennis.The professional tennis was promoted further and became more internationalized all over the world.As the threshold for top 100 was getting higher,too much participation was bad for the accumulation of points,while the key to advantage-gaining was uplifting the quality and efficiency in competitions.The competition became more and more severe.To become a top-ranking tennis player included starting the training earlier,keeping the systematic training for a long period and persistent uplifting special physical fitness and motor skills.Considerable experience should be accumulated and the motor skills should be improved by taking part in various competitions.More favorable conditions of culture should be created by improving the economy conditions.Team-oriented scientific training should be provided to improve the whole competitive ability of the players.The reserve force should be built by the law of development,and deepen the tennis popularization.The governmental and social resources could be relied on.The establishment of competition system shall be ensured to play the guiding roles and the coach training should be emphasized.