为结婚而创业?——男女性别比例失衡对创业决策的影响

Become an Entrepreneur for Marriage?——The Impact of Gender Imbalance on Entrepreneurial Decision-Making

基于繁殖竞争视角,利用1996-2014年《中国统计年鉴》和2011年《中国家庭金融调查》数据,从宏观和微观层面实证考察男女性别比例失衡与创业决策的关系,并在此基础上,着重研究男女性别比例失衡对四类不同人群创业决策的影响。研究结果表明,男女性别比例失衡与创业决策显著正相关,但它仅与未婚男性人群创业决策显著正相关,而与未婚女性/已婚男性/已婚女性人群创业决策均不相关。结果为人类经济行为和结果提供新见解,证明了某些生物属性可能会对人类经济行为(如创业)产生影响。但是,为解决就业问题和实现经济增长目的,政府不应有意操纵男女性别比例失衡以促使人们选择创业,而应为未婚男性人群制定个性化创业扶植政策等。

The article which based on reproductive competition examines the relationship between unbalance sex ratio and entrepreneurial decision-making,the moderating effect of marital status,and the influence of sex ratio imbalance on the entrepreneurial decision-making of four different populations from the macro and micro levels by using data CSY(1996-2014)and CHFS(2011).The results of robust research show that there is a significant positive correlation between sex ratio imbalance and entrepreneurial decision-making,and the marital status has a significant negative moderating effect.And the sex ratio imbalance is only positively related to the unmarried male population's entrepreneurial decision-making,and is not related to the decision-making of unmarried women/married men/married women population.The article provides new insights into human economic behavior and results,proving that certain biological attributes may have an impact on human economic behavior(such as entrepreneurship),filling the existing theory blank.However,in order to solve the employment problem and achieve economic growth purposes,the article thinks that the Government should not deliberately manipulate the sex ratio imbalance to encourage people to choose entrepreneurial activities,but the Government should develop personalized entrepreneurship policy for unmarried male entrepreneurs.