医生过劳量表的编制与信效度分析

Compilation of Overwork Scale for Doctors and its Reliability and Validity

目的基于医生这一特殊职业人群,编制测量医生过劳状态量表,并对量表的信度和效度进行分析,为医生过劳的相关研究提供测量工具。方法首先采用文献内容分析等方法对过劳概念内涵与外延进行界定,编制包含77个原始条目的初始量表;其次运用专家咨询等方法增减量表维度条目,确定暂行量表;最后采用分层整群抽样对某省1 500名临床医生进行了大样本的量表测试,检测其信度和效度。结果医生过劳量表的总Cronbach’sα和分半信度分别为0.969和0.868,各因子的Cronbach’sα均大于0.800,量表信度良好。探索性因子分析的KMO(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin)统计值为0.972,累计解释总变异为66.598%(提取7个公因子后),各因子间的相关性有统计学意义(P<0.001),结构效度良好。验证性因子分析结果较好地反映了量表的建构效度。结论编制的医生过劳量表信度效度良好,可以应用于医生过劳状况的测量,量表也有待于在今后的研究中不断改进完善。

Objective Based on the doctor’s special occupational group,a measurement physician overwork status scale was prepared,and the reliability and validity of the scale were analyzed to provide a measurement tool for doc?tors’overwork related research.Methods Firstly,the content and extension of the overwork concept were defined by the method of document content analysis.The initial scale was composed of 77 original items.Secondly,scale items were added or subtracted by expert consultation,and other methods were used to determine the temporary version scale.Finally,a stratified cluster sampling was performed on a large sample of 1 500 clinicians in a province to test their reliability and validity.Results The total Cronbach’s alpha and split-half reliability values of the doctor’s fatigue scale were 0.969 and 0.868,respectively.The Cronbach’sαvalues of the factors were all greater than 0.800,and the scale reli?ability was good.The KMO(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin)statistic for exploratory factor analysis was 0.972,the cumulative to?tal variation was 66.598%(after extracting 7 common factors),and the correlation between the factors was statistically significant(P<0.001).Structural validity was good.The confirmatory factor analysis results better reflected the con?struct validity of the scale.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the doctor’s overwork scale developed in the study is good and can be applied to the measurement of the overwork status of doctors.The scale needs to be continuously im?proved in the future research.