基于《伤寒论》双语平行语料库的中医方剂名称翻译方法探析

ON TRANSLATION OF FORMULA NAMES IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE BASED ON PARALLEL CORPUS OF “ON COLD DAMAGE”

鉴于中医的专业性、深厚的文化哲学内涵的独特性及其与西方医学体系和语言表达之间的巨大差异,为顺应中华文化对外传播需求及提高中医在国际社会的认可程度,本文通过语料库的研究方法,探讨中医方剂名称较为准确的翻译方法。本文基于自建微型语料库,使用Lancs Box 3. 0语料库工具,对张仲景《伤寒论》的三个来自中西方译者的代表性译本中方剂名称的译法进行对比分析,重点比较方剂名称的结构和选词方面的异同。通过与WHO官方术语库和网络自建语料库的比对,找出中医方剂名称英译中的基本结构和用词,以图提供解决中医方剂名称翻译标准问题的方法。

Traditional Chinese Medicine,with its expertise,unique cultural and philosophical connotation,and the huge difference between Chinese and western medical theory and language,make its translation more challenging than other kinds of translation.To accelerate the spread of Chinese culture worldwide,make traditional Chinese medicine more recognized internationally,this paper aims to discuss the translation methods of formula names through the approach of corpus.This paper compares three representative translation versions of“On Cold Damage”from Zhang Zhongjing by both Chinese and Western translators using LancsBox 3.0 by Lancaster University.By comparing the three versions,the structure and word choices turns out to be different,and by comparing with the WHO terminology and a self-built online corpus,this paper summarizes the customarily used structure and words in formula names so as to contribute to its standardization.