城市消防安全影响因素及评估体系研究——以海南某沿海城市为例

An example study on the influencing factors and evaluation system for urban fire safety

在前人评估重点研究公共消防基础、灭火救援力量的基础上,增加消防安全形势、火灾防控工作对城市消防安全影响因素的研究,以海南某沿海城市为例,采用层次分析法构建城市消防安全评估体系,设置定量化评分判定基准,运用模糊集值统计法计算得分。评估结果表明体系更真实地反映了该市消防安全现状及火灾防控薄弱环节,最后针对高风险项提出具体改进措施。该体系模型丰富了评估指标数量;宏观考虑了该市热带气候、旅游型城市特征、火灾情况对消防安全形势的影响;更重要的是,提出将社会面火灾防控工作纳入评估体系。研究对于城市消防安全评估的宏观化、系统化、地域化、实用化、定量化都有一定参考意义。

Taking a coastal city in Hainan Province of China as an example,this paper studies the effect of fire safety situation and fire prevention and control work on influencing factors of urban fire safety.A fire-safety evaluation system is established by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP),thereby quantitative standards for evaluation and scoring are set up by using fuzzy set-valued statistics.The results indicate that the current system can more realistically reflect the fire-safety situation and weakness in fire prevention of the city and put forward improving measures of high-risk index.The current evaluation system introduces more indicators,and considers the effect of the local climate,the features of a tourist city and the fire occurrence on fire safety.Additionally,social fire prevention and control work is proposed to be included in the evaluation system.