宋代进士科试赋的命题特点

On the Proposition Features of Disciplined Fu of the Imperial Examination in the Song Dynasty

进士科是宋代科举最主要的常设科目,律赋则是进士科考试的一项重要内容。宋代试赋命题经历了一个渐趋严格的过程,由随意命题到限制出处,越来越显规范。不论是以时事为题,还是从经、史、子书中出题,宋代试赋命题自始至终具有鲜明的时代气息。此外,宋代试赋命题还有许多注意事项,如避重出、避忌讳、讲究得体等。宋代试赋命题的这些特点对宋代律赋独特风貌的形成有很大的影响。

In the Song Dynasty,“jinshi”is the most important basic subject of imperial examination,and disciplined fu is an important content of“jinshi”examination.The proposition of disciplined fu has gone through a process which is becoming stricter and stricter.It is rather free at first,but its source gets limited later.Consequently,it becomes more and more formal.No matter the title comes from current affairs or Confucian classics,history and philosophy,the proposition of disciplined fu has a distinctive flavor of the times all along in the Song Dynasty.Besides,there are many matters needing attention.For instance,the title should not repeat or break the taboo.It also need to be decent.These proposition features help disciplined fu of the Song Dynasty form a unique style.