赋权评估:迈向一种内部评估实践

Empowerment Evaluation:Towards an Internal Evaluation Practice

在评估领域,为弥补基于文化客位的客观评估忽略项目参与者在评估工作中所起作用的缺陷,强调项目既得利益参与者作用的赋权评估得以提出。在赋权评估实践中,专业评估者在赋权理论的指导下,通过将项目既得利益参与者纳入评估过程,以实现项目既得利益参与者的自我决定和项目完善。通过将项目既得利益参与者纳入评估实践,评估实践实现了从外部向内部的转变。由于赋权评估实践的干预性特征会对项目运作造成影响,因此难以确定项目实现目标的真正原因,而导致赋权评估在方法上存在效度检验的困境。本文根据赋权评估的干预性特征,结合社会服务项目的程序逻辑模型(PLM)的思路,提出应对赋权评估效度校验困境的方法。具体方法是将赋权评估作为独立干预,然后检验这一干预与项目结果(outcome)之间的关系。

In evaluation field,in order to make up for objectivist evaluation ignoring the role of vested interest program participants,empowerment evaluation is put forward.Under the guidance of empowerment theory,vested interest program participants are involved in the evaluation process so as to achieve the selfdetermination and improvement.Based on the intervention nature of empowerment evaluation and PLM,this paper puts forward a method to deal with the validity dilemma of empowerment evaluation.Specifically,this method treats empowerment evaluation as an independent intervention,and then verifies the relationship between the intervention and outcomes.