本土社会工作者与案主关系研究——微观结构、关系特征和行动依据

The Study of Interaction between Social Workers and Their Clients in China: Microstructure,Features and Action Basis

本土社会工作者与案主关系理论的建构要求基于本土理论框架建构中层理论、突破宏观结构与微观关系之间理论鸿沟、为本土社工实务行动提供行动依据。在引入时空视角的关系(guanxi)向度理论指导下,从时间、空间和评价标准三个维度对本土社工—案主关系进行分析,可以发现本土社工—案主关系是由固定关系、专业关系和友谊关系构成的三角结构,并联接起不同的微观关系问题和宏观结构情境。本土社工—案主关系在宏观情境中体现以固定关系为逻辑起点、受限制的个体假设和工具性强于感情性的微观关系特征。这些微观结构和关系特征的理论作为中层理论,发挥了行动依据的功能,能指导本土社工反思所处的社会情境和应解决的关系问题,通过改变时间、空间和价值变量取值开展行动实践,从而有助于构建良性本土社会工作者与案主关系,推动本土社会工作的发展。

The construction of theories of the interaction between social workers and their clients in China demands joint studies between macro and micro structures,and middle theory based on the local theory framework.Based on Guanxi dimension theory as regards time and space,the interaction between social workers and clients has a triangle structure consisting of Guanxi,professional relationship and friendship according to the three dimensions of time,space and evaluation standard.The structure can be resolved into four models corresponding to certain micro interactional problems and macro situations.Being a middle theory,the theory of microstructure and features would help local social workers to consider the situations and problems which they face and take actions by changing the variables of time,space and value to construct the good interactions with clients and finally promote the development of social work in China.