老年长期照护分级综合评价模型指标项目池初步建立

Preliminary establishment of index pool for grading comprehensive evaluation model of long term care in elderly

[目的]初步构建适用于居家、社区及养老服务机构的普适性老年长期照护分级综合评价模型指标项目池。[方法]在文献研究、理论析取基础上,采用质性访谈法对长期照护老年人、照护人员以及专家分别进行深入访谈,研究小组充分讨论后建立模型指标项目池。[结果]质性访谈中,当访谈对象样本量达到10名老年人、9名照护人员、11名专家时,资料数据呈现出饱和状态;项目池共包括7个一级指标、133个二级指标,其中日常生活能力、认知能力、跌倒风险、压疮风险4个指标采用目前已被广泛应用且十分成熟的量表;异常行为、特殊医疗护理项目、自我照护知识储备3个指标由本研究自主建立。[结论]老年长期照护分级综合评价模型指标项目池的初步构建为模型指标体系的建立提供了明确方向,有助于老年长期照护的规范化、统一化、标准化。

Objective:To preliminarily construct a general index item pool of"Grading Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Long term Care for the Elderly"which is suitable for home,community and old age service institutions.Methods:On the basis of literature research and theoretical analysis,qualitative interview method was used to conduct in depth interviews for the elderly with long term care,caregivers and experts.After full discussion by the research group,the model index project pool was established.Results:In qualitative interviews,when the sample size of interviewees reached 10 elderly people,9 caregivers and 11 experts,the data showed a saturated state.The item pool included 7 primary indicators,a total of 133 secondary two indexes,in which daily life ability,cognitive ability,risk of falls,pressure ulcer risk indicators adopted widely common and mature scales and the indicators of abnormal behavior,special medical care program and self care knowledge reserve were independently established by this study.Conclusions:The preliminary construction of the index poor of"Grading Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Long term Care for the Elderly"provided a clear direction for the establishment of the model index system,which was conducive to the standardization,unification and standardization of long term care for the elderly.