基于载荷谱的传动箱体轻量化设计研究

Study on Lightweight Design of Transmission Box Based on Load Spectrum

针对某特种车辆综合传动箱体强度过剩,质量过重的现状,需要对箱体进行优化.传统的优化方法是基于转速转矩的经验公式计算一个较大的动载系数,减少后续优化空间.此方法主要基于台架试验载荷谱获得动载系数及应力约束.建立箱体应力分布特征,筛选测点位置,对该箱体进行台架试验,测得危险部位的载荷谱.对载荷谱进行处理获得动载系数,对箱体支撑力进行修正.对箱体进行拓扑优化与尺寸优化,达到轻量化的目的.

In view of the excessive strength and excessive mass of a special vehicle gearbox,it is necessary to further optimize the box.In the optimization process,the traditional method based on the empirical formula of speed and torque has provided a larger dynamic load factor with conservative calculation,reducing the subsequent optimization space.In this paper,a lightweight design method was proposed based on load spectrum of bench test to get dynamic load coefficient and stress constraint of the vehicle gearbox.Firstly,a stress characteristic distribution model of the box body was established to screen the location of the measuring points.Secondly,the box test was carried out and the load spectrum of dangerous parts was measured.Then the load spectrum was processed to obtain the dynamic load coefficient and the supporting force was corrected for the box body.Finally,topology optimization and size optimization were carried out to achieve the goal of lightweight.