反渗透膜的制备与性能优化

The reverse osmosis membrane preparation and performance optimization

在介绍反渗透膜材料的发展史的基础上,首先介绍了反渗透膜制备单体多元胺、多元酰氯的发展状况。其次介绍了反渗透膜性能优化的几种方法包括界面添加反应剂、提升支撑层厚度,优化孔型结构、表面改性、溶液表面涂敷和化学表面接枝法。通过上述方法与界面聚合相结合可改善膜的性能,提高反渗透膜水通量、脱盐率以及抗氯性、抗污染性能。最后介绍了纳米材料在反渗透膜中的应用及其发展现状。

This paper introduces the development history of reverse osmosis membrane materials,first introduces the development of monomeric polyamines and polychlorinated perchlorate which are preparation elements of reverse osmosis membrane.Following,it introduces several methods of reverse osmosis membrane performance optimization,including the interface to add reactants,increasing the thickness of the support layer,optimizing the cell structure,surface modification,solution surface coating and chemical surface grafting.Through the above methods combine with interfacial polymerization could improve the performance of the membrane,improve the reverse osmosis membrane water flux,desalination rate and chlorine resistance,anti-pollution performance.Finally,the application of nano-material in reverse osmosis membrane and its development status are introduced.