流域年均径流量与流域面积、降水量的二元指数关系模拟

Simulation of Exponential Relations of Runoff vs. Drainage Area and Runoff vs. Rainfall

勐波罗河为怒江流域云南境内第一大一级支流,降水、径流分布复杂。通过对勐波罗河流域内7个水文站的实测径流还原、插补延长分析后得到年径流量系列,分析其统计参数,建立多年平均径流量与各站流域面积、流域多年平均降水量的一元一次关系、一元指数关系、二元指数关系,进行总体和分区的模拟分析对比。不同关系的总体拟合误差范围为±19. 6%～±11. 5%,分区后进行二元指数关系模拟误差范围为±2. 8%,较好地反映了径流与流域面积和降水的密切关系,符合勐波罗河流域水文特性。该方法具有可操作性,可广泛在高原山地区推广。

As the first largest level-1 tributary of Nujiang River in Yunnan Province,Mengboluo River is featured with complex rainfall and runoff.The annual runoff series in Mengboluo River are obtained through restoration,interpolating and supplementing the observed data of runoff at seven hydrologic stations in the watershed.Statistical parameters are analyzed,and the linear relation with one variable,exponential relation with one variable,exponential relation with two variables are established between mean annual runoff of multiple years and drainage area of each hydrologic station,mean annual runoff of multiple years and mean annual precipitation of drainage area.Simulation and comparison are carried out from overall and regional perspectives.The simulation error of different relations from overall perspective ranges from±19.6%-±11.5%,and the simulation error of exponential relation with two variables from regional perspective is within±2.8%,indicating close relations between runoff and drainage area,and runoff and precipitation,which matches the hydrologic characteristics of Mengboluo River watershed.The method in the present paper could be promoted for plateau mountain area.