环境污染、人口结构与城乡居民消费——来自中国省级面板数据的证据

Environmental Pollution,Population Structure and Consumption of Urban and Rural Residents:Evidence from China's Provincial Panel Data

本文研究以中国省级面板数据为基础,通过建立相应回归模型,考察了居民消费、环境污染与人口结构三者之间的关系。研究发现环境污染对居民消费的影响存在明显的城乡差异和地区差异:第一,对不同地区居民消费产生影响的主要污染物有所不同,即使在同一地区,对该地区城乡居民消费产生影响的主要污染物也不尽相同;第二,农村居民消费对环境污染的反应更为敏感。进一步研究发现,人口结构与环境污染的共同作用对居民消费产生显著影响。随着人民生活水平的提高与当前我国人口结构变化,上述效应会日益凸显。

Based on the provincial panel data of China,this paper studies the relationship among resident consumption,environmental pollution and population structure bazed on the corresponding regression model.The result shows that there are obvious differences between urban-rural areas and regions in the impact of environmental pollution on the consumption of residents.First of all,the main pollutants that affect the consumption of residents in various regions are different,even in the same area,the main pollutants that have influence on the consumption of urban and rural residents in this area are different.What’s more,rural residents’consumption is more sensitive to environmental pollution.Further study also shows that the interaction of population structure and environmental pollution has a significant impact on the consumption of residents.With the improvement of social living standards and the current changing of population structure,the above effects will become increasingly prominent.