可降解黄麻/棉地膜的制备与性能研究

Research on preparation and properties of degradable jute/cotton mulch films

采用可生物降解的黄麻落麻纤维与棉纤维混合并梳理成纤维网,并采用聚乙烯醇作为黏合剂将纤维网固化成型,制备黄麻/棉地膜,研究原料质量比、地膜面密度、模压温度、模压压力、黏合剂质量分数对黄麻/棉地膜断裂强度的影响,并对黄麻/棉地膜的弯曲刚度、透气率、透湿率、光透过率进行测试。结果表明,当黄麻与棉的质量比为80∶20、黄麻/棉地膜的面密度为40 g/m^2、模压温度为130℃、模压压力为4 MPa、黏合剂质量分数为5. 89%时,黄麻/棉地膜的断裂强度最大(946 N/m);黄麻/棉地膜的弯曲刚度较大,透气透湿性能良好[透气率在1 987. 06~3 385. 04 mm/s,透湿率在87. 99~103. 18 g/(m^2·h)],而且光透过率可以满足农作物的生长需求。

The biodegradable jute noil fibers and cotton fibers were blended and carded into fiber webs,which were solidified by using polyvinyl alcohol as the binder to prepare jute/cotton mulch film. The effects of the mass ratio of raw materials,the surface density of mulch film, molding temperature, molding pressure and the mass fraction of adhesive on the breaking strength of the jute/cotton mulch film were studied. And the bending stiffness, air permeability, moisture permeability, light transmittance of the jute/cotton mulch film were also tested. The results showed that when the mass ratio of jute vs cotton was 80∶20, the suaface density of jute/cotton mulch film was 40 g/m 2, the molding temperature was 130 ℃,the molding pressure was 4 MPa, and the adhesive’s mass fraction was 5.89%, the breaking strength of jute/cotton mulch film was highest (946 N/m). The jute/cotton mulch film had comparatively large bending stiffness, whose air permeability and moisture permeability were good [the rate of air permeability was 1 987.06~3 385.04 mm/s and the rate of moisture permeability was 87.99~103.18 g/(m 2·h)], and whose light transmittance could meet the growth requirements of crops.