日本志愿领域发展的契机——以阪神大地震对民间志愿组织起到的作用为中心

The Developmental Opportunity of Japanese Volunteerism—Focused on the Effects of the Shanshin Earthquake on Non-Government Volunteer Organizations

1995年发生的阪神大地震,是标志日本志愿活动领域进入新时代的里程碑。在震灾救援和震后复兴的过程中,民间志愿者组织和NGO的表现令人惊叹,使志愿领域在转瞬之间得到了全日本社会的关注并达成共识。本文在整体回顾震后志愿组织和NGO活动的各个阶段之后,将阐释和分析这些组织发挥的具体作用,同时指出震灾对于志愿领域起到的刺激、鼓舞和促进作用。最后,本文将指出志愿领域能够在震灾后得到飞跃性发展的原因,及其对我国国内志愿领域的启示。

The 1995 Shanshin Earthquake marked a new era of Japanese volunteer work.During disaster relief and later reconstruction,non-governmental volunteer organizations and NGOs did a magnificent job of bringing volunteer culture to national prominence and increasing awareness of volunteerism in Japan.This essay first reviews each stage of volunteer activities organized by groups and NGOs following the disaster,and then analyzes the roles of these organizations.The essay also points out how disaster relief can stimulate,encourage and effect volunteer work.Finally,the essay identifies factors contributing to the swift development of volunteer culture after the earthquake and explains what this means for China s volunteer culture.